IAG 1999 Regional Conference on Geomorphology
Gloria Hotel of Rio de Janerio, Brasil, July 17-22, 1999
Abstracts - Sandra Baptista da Cunha and Antonio Jose Teixeira Guerra (Eds.)

GEOMORPHOLOGIC ASPECTS OF THE AMAZON CONE OBTAINED THROUGH INTEGRATION OF BATHYMETRIC DATA

Torres, L.C.; Jeck, I.K. and Tavares, A.A.L.A.

Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegaçao (DHN), Brasil, 211@chm.mar.mil.br, 211e@chm.mar.mil.br, 211i@chm.mar.mil.br


The general shape of the Amazon fan has been established by numerous researchers mainly through the configuration of the isobaths, a technique inadequate to identify a spatial arrangement of topographic details of the fan surface. These have only being identified trough the employment of long range side scan sonar (GLORIA) without bathymetric information and through swath bathymetry along only few channels of the drainage systems. The present work presents the results obtained through the integration of bathymetric data gathered during the expeditions of the Brazilian Program for the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf (LEPLAC Project) as also bathymetric data from public domain. Through the use of a computer program the ground surface was calculated and mapped as gradient and contour maps. In the gradient map contourlines were spaced at 50 m intervals. A very large depart between the 50 m and 100 m isobath indicate the low gradient of the continental shelf. Decrease in gradient of the distal end of the fan was also clearly evidenced. Considerable resolution was obtained through the contour map allowing the identification of the distributary channels as also evidence of mass movement of the upper cone. The middle cone was characterized by a lower gradient and geomorphic evidences of decrease in the intensity of geomorphic processes compared to the upper cone. A new reduction in the topographic gradient occurs at about 4200m depth, the limit between the upper and lower cone. The distal limit of the lower cone occurs in the proximity of the 4850m isobath, at the transition to the Demerara abyssal plain. The methodology was adequate to distinguish and characterize the geomorphic domains of continental shelf, slope and rise.


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